What is Native Plant Gardening and why it matters

So, what exactly is “native plant gardening”?  Let’s start by definining what makes a plant “native”.  According to The Conservation Foundation, native plants are species that have existed within a specific area/region prior to European settlement and have evolved alongside local wildlife over thousands of years.  From developing deep root systems that absorb water from heavy rainfall to improving soil health by adding organic matter – native plants play a critical role to the health of its ecosystem.

Now back to the question:  what is native plant gardening?  It’s the practice of incorporating native plants and flora that are naturally adapted to grow within your specific area.  For example, Pink Swamp Milkweed (Asclepias incarnata) and Red Maple (Acer rubrum) are native to eastern North America and would be a great addition to gardens in Florida.  On the other had, evergreens such as Lavender (Lavendula angustifolia/Lavendula latifolia) and Rosemary (Salvia Rosmarinus) are native to the Mediterranean and are best suited to climates with warm, dry weather such as Italy and Greece.  All attract pollinators and some even act as pest control (which we will explore later).

Here are three key benefits to incorporating native plants in your garden: 

1.     Creates a biodiverse, sustainable environment

Native plants are uniquely suited to support local wildlife and habitats.

·      In my own garden, I’ve planted Swamp Milkweed to support Monarchs during their migration, Beautyberry as a Fall food source for birds and Scarlet Sage, which attracts pollinators such as butterflies, moths and bees – and even hummingbirds.  These plants create a mutually beneficial relationship with local wildlife, they act as a food source, and in return, wildlife spreads their seeds for continuing growth. 

·      Their deep root systems help to improve water infiltration, reduce runoff and aid in water conservation

·      They help prevent soil erosion and naturally improve soil structure 

2.     Manages pests and disease naturally

Because native plants are adapted to their local environment, they typically require very little to no pesticides.  They have developed natural defenses and are often less prone to pest and disease issues. 

·      Lavender for instance, attracts pollinators while repelling aphids. 

·      Marigolds not only attract beneficial insects like ladybugs (which feed on aphids) but repel harmful nematodes – making them a great companion plant if you are growing tomatoes.

3.     Easier, Low-Maintenance Gardening: 

Since native plants have adapted to the conditions of their environment (ex. soil, rainfall and climate), they require less ongoing upkeep than non-native plants or turf lawns. 

·      This includes less water

·      Little to no pesticides and fertilizer

·      Overall, they reduce the time and cost of maintenance – while giving back more to the environment 

If you’re curious about adding a few native plants in your garden, great resources like The Audubon Society and Native Plant Finder allow you to search what native plants grow where you live.  And of course, we’re always happy to help! Reach out to us at hello@nativerootsgardenstudio.com with any questions about starting a native garden or choosing the right native plants in your area. 

 Happy gardening!

References:

1.     Native Plants 101:  What is a Native Plant?

2.     Native Plant Gardening for Birds, Bees and Butterflies (Southeast Edition) by Jaret C. Daniels